What does the set point on a controller represent?

The set point on a controller represents a target value for a specific process variable that needs to be maintained during operation. In the context of control systems, the set point is the predetermined desired level that the system aims to achieve and maintain, such as a temperature, pressure, or flow rate. When the actual measurement (process variable) deviates from this target, the controller takes appropriate actions to adjust the system's operation, ensuring stability and efficiency in the process.

The significance of having a defined set point lies in its role in the feedback loop of a control system, guiding the automated adjustments that keep the process variable within the desired range. Therefore, understanding the set point is fundamental for anyone working in instrumentation and control, as it directly impacts system performance and safety.